The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is
the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric
Association (APA). In the United States, the DSM serves as a universal
authority for psychiatric diagnoses. Treatment recommendations, as well as
payment by health care providers, are often determined by DSM classifications,
so the appearance of a new version has significant practical importance.
The DSM-5
was published on May 18, 2013, superseding the DSM-IV-TR, which was published
in 2000. The development of the new edition began with a conference in 1999 and
proceeded with the formation of a Task Force in 2007, which developed and
field-tested a variety of new classifications. In most respects, the DSM-5 is
not greatly modified from the DSM-IV-TR; however, some significant differences
exist between them. Notable changes in the DSM-5 include the
reconceptualization of Asperger syndrome from a distinct disorder to an autism
spectrum disorder; the elimination of subtypes of schizophrenia; the deletion
of the "bereavement exclusion" for depressive disorders; the renaming
of gender identity disorder to gender dysphoria, along with a revised treatment
plan; the inclusion of binge eating disorder as a discrete eating disorder; the
renaming and reconceptualization of paraphilias to paraphilic disorders; the
removal of the axis system; and the splitting of disorders not otherwise
specified into other specified disorders and unspecified disorders. In
addition, the DSM-5 is the first DSM to use an Arabic numeral instead of a
Roman numeral in its title, as well as the first "living document"
version of a DSM.
Various
authorities criticized the fifth edition both before and after it was formally
published. Critics assert, for example, that many DSM-5 revisions or additions
lack empirical support; inter-rater reliability is low for many disorders;
several sections contain poorly written, confusing, or contradictory
information; and the psychiatric drug industry unduly influenced the manual's
content. Many of the members of work groups for the DSM-5 had conflicting
interests, including ties to pharmaceutical companies. Various scientists
have argued that the DSM-5 forces clinicians to make distinctions that are not
supported by solid evidence, distinctions that have major treatment
implications, including drug prescriptions and the availability of health
insurance coverage. General criticism of the DSM-5 ultimately resulted in a
petition, signed by many mental health organizations, which called for outside
review of the DSM-5.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM 5)
CONTENT:
DSM-5 Classification
Preface
Section I: DSM-5 Basics
Introduction
Use of the Manual
Cautionary Statement for Forensic Use of DSM-5
Use of the Manual
Cautionary Statement for Forensic Use of DSM-5
Section II: Diagnostic Criteria and Codes
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
Bipolar and Related Disorders
Depressive Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Elimination Disorders
Sleep-Wake Disorders
Sexual Dysfunctions
Gender Dysphoria
Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
Neurocognitive Disorders
Personality Disorders
Paraphilic Disorders
Other Mental Disorders
Medication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other Adverse Effects of Medication
Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
Section III: Emerging Measures and Models
Assessment Measures
Cultural Formulation
Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders
Conditions for Further Study
Appendix
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